Measurement of Radiation and Radioactivity
Mohammad Hadi Najarzadeh; Mohammad Reza Rezaie; Ali Negarestani; Ahmad Akhound
Abstract
Neutron detection techniques are widely studied in many articles. Most of this research requires a lot of electronic equipment. In this study, using the Thick Gas electron multiplier (THGEM) detector, a new method for neutron detection is proposed to reduce electronic equipment. In the neutron detection ...
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Neutron detection techniques are widely studied in many articles. Most of this research requires a lot of electronic equipment. In this study, using the Thick Gas electron multiplier (THGEM) detector, a new method for neutron detection is proposed to reduce electronic equipment. In the neutron detection system, the converter material is used for converting neutrons to protons that are directed to the THGEM detector. By filling the detector space with noble gas and applying special voltage, THGEM enters to Self-Quenched Streamer (SQS) mode for protons detection. All these steps are examined by simulation, then the detection system is made and is examined in the laboratory. Finally, the simulation results and laboratory results are compared. The results show that the 1 mm Plexiglas layer is suitable for converting neutrons to protons. The suitable distance between the converter layer and the THGEM detector is 3 cm. Also, the SQS mode happens in the most number of THGEM holes when the THGEM voltage is 980 volt. Investigating an approach to neutron detection by placing THGEM in SQS mode can be useful because, firstly, placing the THGEM detector in SQS mode simplifies electrical circuits and secondly, with this proposed detection system; it is possible to design detectors with different dimensions for neutrons.
Measurement of Radiation and Radioactivity
Mahmoud Abdoulahpour; Mohammad Reza Rezaie; Saeed Mohammadi
Abstract
Hot springs are known as one of the hydrotherapy centers in the world and have been welcomed due to their healing properties. Due to the presence of radon and radioactive elements in hot spring sediments, water and soil, these components are radioactive. So far, radiation hazards and the annual effective ...
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Hot springs are known as one of the hydrotherapy centers in the world and have been welcomed due to their healing properties. Due to the presence of radon and radioactive elements in hot spring sediments, water and soil, these components are radioactive. So far, radiation hazards and the annual effective dose of hot spring components in the body organs have not been investigated in Iran. The purpose of this study was to calculate the amount of U-238, Cs-137, Th-232, and K-40 elements in soil, water, and sediments of Jooshan hot springs in the Kerman region. The presence of these elements causes radiation hazards and an effective annual dose in people who use these hot springs. In addition to the healing properties of hot springs, the high amount of radiation hazard and effective annual dose may cause cancer risk. Experimental results with CsI(Tl) detector showed that the total activities of these elements in soil, water, and sediments of Jooshan hot spring were 95.26±9.76, 52.86±7.27, and 51.61±7.18 Bq.kg-1 respectively. The Jooshan hot spring's radiation hazards were calculated using activity measurement of the radioactive elements in soil, water, and sediments which was less than the permission level. The result of the Monte Carlo simulation with the MCNPX code showed that the effective annual dose of sediment, water, and radon in Jooshan hot spring are 5.43E-06, 3.00×10-3 and 1.16×10-1 mSv.year-1 respectively, which is less than effective annual dose (5 mSv.year-1). The maximum time for treatment by hot spring water is considered equal to one year.
